Electric Bicycle Industrial 5.2A Yaskawa Servo Motor 400W SGMRV-05ANA-YR21 SERVO MOTOR

SGMRV-05ANA-YR11

SGMRV-05ANA-YR21

SGMRV-09ANA-YR11

SGMRV-13ANA-YR1A

SGMRV-13ANA-YR21

SGMRV-13ANA-YR31

SGMRV-20ANA-YR11

SGMRV-30ANA-YR12

SGMRV-30ANA-YR21

SGMRV-37ANA-YR12

The sketch and circuit show a step-up transformer. To make a step-down transformer, one only has to put the source on the right and the load on the left. (Important safety note: for a real transformer, you could only 'plug it in backwards' only after verifying that the voltage rating were appropriate.) So, how does a transformer work?

The core (shaded) has high magnetic permeability, ie a material that forms a magnetic field much more easily than free space does, due to the orientation of atomic dipoles. (In the photograph, the core is laminated soft iron.) The result is that the field is concentrated inside the core, and almost no field lines leave the core. If follows that the magnetic fluxes φ through the primary and secondary are approximately equal, as shown. From Faraday's law, the emf in each turn, whether in the primary or secondary coil, is −dφ/dt. If we neglect resistance and other losses in the transformer, the terminal voltage equals the emf. For the N_p turns of the primary, this gives

• V_p = − N_p.dφ/dt .

• V_s = − N_s.φ/dt

• V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p = r.

• Power in = power out, so

  V_pI_p = V_sI_s, whence

  I_s/I_p = N_p/N_s = 1/r.

So you don't get something for nothing: if you increase the voltage, you decrease the current by (at least) the same factor. Note that, in the photograph, the coil with more turns has thinner wire, because it is designed to carry less current than that with fewer turns.